Implementation of the Rights of Convicted Persons with Disabilities in Penal Institutions: Current Status and Challenges

https://www.doi.org/10.32523/2791-0954-2025-16-4-24-35

Abstract

Ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities is an essential element of contemporary legal development and reflects the overall level of respect for human dignity within the state. In the penitentiary context, this issue becomes even more significant, as inmates with disabilities represent one of the most vulnerable groups. The article examines the implementation of their rights in the Kazakh penitentiary system and analyzes national legislation and international standards, including the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Special attention is given to the availability and accessibility of medical care, social rehabilitation, a barrier-free environment, as well as opportunities for work and education. The study reviews domestic practices related to individualized support measures, probation and parole for inmates with disabilities, and examples of adapted infrastructure and equipment. The analysis reveals persistent systemic barriers, including physical obstacles, limited access to medical and rehabilitation services, insufficient regulation of staff responsibilities when assisting inmates with reduced mobility, and weak interagency coordination. A comparative assessment of foreign experience, particularly Japanese reforms, highlights additional areas for improvement. The article emphasizes the need for an integrated approach that includes enhancing the regulatory framework, developing adaptive infrastructure, formalizing care standards, and advancing staff training to ensure the protection of rights and the effective resocialization of inmates with disabilities